E.164 format
The international standard for writing phone numbers: country code + number, no spaces (e.g. +33612345678).
E.164 is a number's canonical format: a "+", the country code, then the national number, with no separators. It makes numbers comparable across countries and removes the ambiguity of the leading national 0.
Normalizing to E.164 is essential before any deduplication or automated dialing. A file mixing local and international formats produces duplicates and dialing errors.
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